Panchang in Diffa, Niger Mon 27 Aug 2012

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise: it holds sunrise on Mon 27 Aug only, at 05:58: Mon 27 Aug. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: Dashami ended at 21:50 Sun, before it (04:22–05:58).

Padmini Ekadashi: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 120°–132° is the 11th, Shukla Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:58 here. Dashami ended at 21:50 Sun, before it. Ekadashi ends at 19:58, when the lead reaches 132°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sun 26 Aug ran from sunset 18:24 Sun to sunrise 05:58, 11 h 34 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:58 to 18:23, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:23 to 05:58 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 253°20′. It leaves at 02:32 Tue, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 130.3° + 254.7° = 385°, one full turn and 25°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 08:37, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 08:53, when the lead reaches 126°; Vishti until 19:58.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:58 to 05:58 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Aug 16:54 Fri to 16 Sep 03:10 Sun the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 16 Sep 13:24 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 15:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 152° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.