Panchang in Diffa, Niger Wed 1 Aug 2012

The rakhi is tied in aparahna, the fourth fifth of the day, outside bhadra. Purnima runs from 06:28 on Wed 1 Aug to 04:27 on Thu 2 Aug, so only Wednesday’s aparahna (13:32–16:04) falls within it. Bhadra lasts until 17:25, and the Dharmasindhu keeps the rite out of bhadra: it is done from 17:25. Every reading takes that day.

Raksha Bandhan muhurat: the time after bhadra, at 17:25.

Raksha Bandhan: every date in Diffa

Purnima follows the tithi at sunrise. Purnima begins at 06:28 on Wed 1 Aug, after that sunrise, and ends at 04:27 on Thu 2 Aug, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Wed 1 Aug. No text giving Purnima’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Purnima: every date in Diffa

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 156°–168° is the 14th, Shukla Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:54 here. Trayodashi ended at 08:46 Tue, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 06:28, when the lead reaches 168°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 19 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Purnima began at 06:28 and ended at 04:27 Thu, between the sunrises of 05:54 and 05:54 Thu. Wednesday reads Chaturdashi and Thursday reads Pratipada: Purnima is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Tue 31 Jul ran from sunset 18:37 Tue to sunrise 05:54, 11 h 17 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:54 to 18:36, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:36 to 05:54 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Ashadha spans 266°40′–280°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 270°. It leaves at 17:48, for Shravana.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 105.3° + 273° = 378.3°, one full turn and 18.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 19:12, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 19:36 Tue, when the lead reached 162°; Vanija runs until 06:28.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:54 to 05:54 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Aug, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 19 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana. This Shukla paksha reads Shravana in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 15:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 127° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.