Panchang in Diffa, Niger Sun 6 May 2012

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:46 here. Purnima ended at 04:35, before it. Pratipada ends at 00:48 Mon, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 6 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:36, came before Purnima ended at 09:05: this day reads Purnima. Pratipada ends at 05:18 Mon, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Pratipada: it is kshaya.

Diffa · UTC+1

Sunrise here, 05:46, came after Purnima ended at 04:35: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Sat 5 May ran from sunset 18:25 Sat to sunrise 05:46, 11 h 21 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:46 to 18:26, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:26 to 05:46 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Vishakha spans 200°00′–213°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 200°. It leaves at 22:28, for Anuradha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 22° + 202.7° = 224.7°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 213°20′–226°40′ is the 17th, Vyatipata. It ends at 08:34, then Variyana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 14:40, when the lead reaches 186°; Kaulava until 00:48 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:46 to 05:46 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 14 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 21 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 21 May, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 15:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 43.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.