Panchang in Diffa, Niger Sun 2 Dec 2007

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 276°–288° is the 24th, Krishna Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:16 here. Ashtami ended at 02:22, before it. Navami ends at 04:08 Mon, when the lead reaches 288°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 24 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 1 Dec ran from sunset 17:40 Sat to sunrise 06:16, 12 h 36 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:16 to 17:40, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:40 to 06:17 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 143°20′. It leaves at 12:29, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 225.7° + 143.5° = 369.2°, one full turn and 9.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 13:50, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila runs until 15:11, when the lead reaches 282°; Garaja until 04:08 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:16 to 06:17 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 9 Dec, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Dec, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 2007, 03:42 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 251.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2064; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1929.