Panchang in Devadurga, Karnataka Sun 30 Jul 2023

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 10:34 on Sun 30 Jul to 07:27 on Mon 31 Jul, so only Sunday’s pradosha (18:55–21:08) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Devadurga

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:02 here. Ekadashi ended at 13:05 Sat, before it. Dwadashi ends at 10:34, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 18 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 29 Jul ran from sunset 18:55 Sat to sunrise 06:02, 11 h 7 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:02 to 18:55, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:55 to 06:02 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 243°20′. It leaves at 21:32, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 102.5° + 243.9° = 346.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 06:33, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 23:55 Sat, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 10:34.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:02 to 06:02 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Jul 00:01 Tue to 16 Aug 15:08 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 17 Aug 13:32 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 22:53 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 125.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.