Panchang in Deva, Hunedoara County, Romania Wed 17 Jul 2019

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:54 here. Purnima ended at 00:38, before it. Pratipada ends at 02:21 Thu, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 17 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 16 Jul ran from sunset 21:15 Tue to sunrise 05:54, 8 h 39 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 34 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:54 to 21:14, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 55 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 21:14 to 05:55 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 5 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Ashadha spans 266°40′–280°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 270°. It leaves at 20:28, for Shravana.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 90.2° + 272.6° = 362.8°, one full turn and 2.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 01:15 Thu, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 13:27, when the lead reaches 186°; Kaulava until 02:21 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:54 to 05:55 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 17 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 1 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 2019, 11:50 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 99° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2076; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1941.