Panchang in Deva, Hunedoara County, Romania Wed 20 Sep 2017

Ghatasthapana is done in pratahkala, the first fifth of the day. Pratipada runs from 08:29 on Wed 20 Sep to 08:04 on Thu 21 Sep, touching pratahkala on both mornings. The Dharmasindhu takes the morning it holds more of: Wed 20 Sep.

Sharad Navratri: every date in Deva

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 09:22 on Tue 19 Sep to 08:29 on Wed 20 Sep, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 20 Sep, at 07:12. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Deva

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:12 here. Chaturdashi ended at 09:22 Tue, before it. Amavasya ends at 08:29, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 6 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 19 Sep ran from sunset 19:31 Tue to sunrise 07:12, 11 h 41 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:12 to 19:29, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:29 to 07:14 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Phalguni spans 146°40′–160°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 150°. It leaves at 20:32, for Hasta.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 153.3° + 152.6° = 305.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 08:26, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 20:53 Tue, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 08:29.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:12 to 07:14 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 20 Sep, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 20 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 2017, 05:57 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 169.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.