Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Thu 17 Jul 2025

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 252°–264° is the 22nd, Krishna Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Shashthi ended at 12:32 Wed, before it. Saptami ends at 10:39, when the lead reaches 264°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 10 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 16 Jul ran from sunset 18:10 Wed to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:10 to 06:20 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 350°. It leaves at 19:09, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 90.8° + 352.5° = 443.3°, one full turn and 83.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 22:18, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 23:37 Wed, when the lead reached 258°; Bava runs until 10:39.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:20 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 24 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 2025, 07:57 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 106° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2082; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1947.