Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Mon 2 Oct 2023

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 23:06 on Sun 1 Oct to 21:42 on Mon 2 Oct, so it holds moonrise only on Mon 2 Oct, at 21:10. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:54 here. Tritiya ended at 23:06 Sun, before it. Chaturthi ends at 21:42, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 29 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:14, came before Tritiya ended at 07:36: this day reads Tritiya. Chaturthi ends at 06:12 Tue, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Chaturthi: it is kshaya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:54, came after Tritiya ended at 23:06 Sun: this day reads Chaturthi.

The night of Sun 1 Oct ran from sunset 18:03 Sun to sunrise 05:54, 11 h 51 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:54 to 18:03, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:03 to 05:53 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 23°20′. It leaves at 09:54, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 164.7° + 24.4° = 189.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 23:47, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 10:19, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 21:42.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:54 to 05:53 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 17 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 14 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 14:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 188.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.