Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Thu 31 Aug 2023

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:10 here. Purnima ended at 22:35 Wed, before it. Pratipada ends at 18:49, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 30 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:58, came before Purnima ended at 07:05: this day reads Purnima. Pratipada ends at 03:19 Fri, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Pratipada: it is kshaya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:10, came after Purnima ended at 22:35 Wed: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Wed 30 Aug ran from sunset 18:10 Wed to sunrise 06:10, 12 h 0 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:10 to 18:09, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:09 to 06:09 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 316°40′. It leaves at 09:14, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 133.5° + 318° = 451.5°, one full turn and 91.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 08:45, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 08:40, when the lead reaches 186°; Kaulava until 18:49.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:10 to 06:09 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 17 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 14 Sep, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada here, and Shravana in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 14:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 156.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.