Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sun 13 Aug 2023

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 23:50 on Sat 12 Aug to 01:55 on Mon 14 Aug, so only Sunday’s pradosha (18:12–20:37) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:16 here. Dwadashi ended at 23:50 Sat, before it. Trayodashi ends at 01:55 Mon, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:49, came before Dwadashi ended at 08:20: this day reads Dwadashi.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:16, came after Dwadashi ended at 23:50 Sat: this day reads Trayodashi.

The night of Sat 12 Aug ran from sunset 18:12 Sat to sunrise 06:16, 12 h 4 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:16 to 18:12, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:12 to 06:16 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 80°. It leaves at 02:36 Mon, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 116.2° + 83.2° = 199.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 07:25, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 12:51, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 01:55 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:16 to 06:16 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 15:31 Mon to 16 Aug 06:38 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 17 Aug 05:02 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 14:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 139.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.