Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Fri 17 Feb 2023

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 15:06 on Fri 17 Feb to 11:32 on Sat 18 Feb, so only Friday’s pradosha (18:31–20:52) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:15 here. Ekadashi ended at 18:19 Thu, before it. Dwadashi ends at 15:06, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 5 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 16 Feb ran from sunset 18:31 Thu to sunrise 06:15, 11 h 44 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:15 to 18:31, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:31 to 06:15 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 11:58, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 304.3° + 263.1° = 567.4°, one full turn and 207.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 15:14, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 04:46, when the lead reached 318°; Taitila runs until 15:06.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:15 to 06:15 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 20 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 20 Feb, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 1 Apr 2022, 03:24 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 317° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2079; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1944.