Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Mon 3 Oct 2022

Durga Ashtami follows the tithi at sunrise. Ashtami runs from 10:17 on Sun 2 Oct to 08:08 on Mon 3 Oct, so it holds sunrise only on Mon 3 Oct, at 05:53. No text giving Durga Ashtami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Durga Ashtami: every date in Davinópolis

Maha Navami follows the tithi at sunrise. Navami begins at 08:08 on Mon 3 Oct, after that sunrise, and ends at 05:51 on Tue 4 Oct, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Mon 3 Oct. No text giving Maha Navami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Maha Navami: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:53 here. Saptami ended at 10:17 Sun, before it. Ashtami ends at 08:08, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 25 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Navami began at 08:08 and ended at 05:51 Tue, between the sunrises of 05:53 and 05:53 Tue. Monday reads Ashtami and Tuesday reads Dashami: Navami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sun 2 Oct ran from sunset 18:03 Sun to sunrise 05:53, 11 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:53 to 18:03, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:03 to 05:53 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 15:54, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 166° + 260.7° = 426.7°, one full turn and 66.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 66°40′–80°00′ is the 6th, Atiganda. It ends at 02:52 Tue, then Sukarma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 21:14 Sun, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 08:08.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:53 to 05:53 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 25 Oct, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 25 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 1 Apr 2022, 03:24 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 178.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2079; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1944.