Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Fri 18 Feb 2022

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 192°–204° is the 17th, Krishna Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:15 here. Pratipada ended at 14:10 Thu, before it. Dwitiya ends at 13:59, when the lead reaches 204°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 16 Feb, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 17 Feb ran from sunset 18:31 Thu to sunrise 06:15, 11 h 44 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:15 to 18:31, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:31 to 06:15 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 143°20′. It leaves at 08:11, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 305.5° + 145.6° = 451.1°, one full turn and 91.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 09:59, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 02:08, when the lead reached 198°; Garaja runs until 13:59.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:15 to 06:15 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 2 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, begins Phalguna. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Phalguna here, and Magha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 2021, 23:30 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 307.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.