Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sun 23 Jan 2022

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 240°–252° is the 21st, Krishna Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:10 here. Panchami ended at 00:42, before it. Shashthi ends at 00:14 Mon, when the lead reaches 252°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 17 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:13, came before Panchami ended at 09:12: this day reads Panchami.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:10, came after Panchami ended at 00:42: this day reads Shashthi.

The night of Sat 22 Jan ran from sunset 18:32 Sat to sunrise 06:10, 11 h 38 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:10 to 18:32, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:32 to 06:10 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 160°. It leaves at 02:45 Mon, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 279.2° + 161.9° = 441.1°, one full turn and 81.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 02:41 Mon, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 12:31, when the lead reaches 246°; Vanija until 00:14 Mon.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:10 to 06:10 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 1 Feb, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 2021, 23:30 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 280.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.