Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Thu 12 Aug 2021

Nag Panchami follows the tithi at sunrise. Panchami begins at 06:55 on Thu 12 Aug, after that sunrise, and ends at 05:13 on Fri 13 Aug, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Thu 12 Aug. No text giving Nag Panchami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Nag Panchami: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:17 here. Tritiya ended at 08:24 Wed, before it. Chaturthi ends at 06:55, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 8 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 06:55 and ended at 05:13 Fri, between the sunrises of 06:17 and 06:16 Fri. Thursday reads Chaturthi and Friday reads Shashthi: Panchami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Wed 11 Aug ran from sunset 18:12 Wed to sunrise 06:17, 12 h 5 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:17 to 18:12, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:12 to 06:16 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 163°20′. It leaves at 23:29, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 115.7° + 163.4° = 279.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 07:41, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 19:41 Wed, when the lead reached 42°; Vishti runs until 06:55.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:17 to 06:16 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Sep, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana. This Shukla paksha reads Shravana in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 2021, 23:30 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 117.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.