Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Mon 12 Jul 2021

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 24°–36° is the 3rd, Shukla Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Dwitiya ended at 23:49 Sun, before it. Tritiya ends at 23:54, when the lead reaches 36°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 9 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:31, came before Dwitiya ended at 08:19: this day reads Dwitiya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:20, came after Dwitiya ended at 23:49 Sun: this day reads Tritiya.

The night of Sun 11 Jul ran from sunset 18:09 Sun to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 11 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:10 to 06:20 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashlesha spans 106°40′–120°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 110°. It leaves at 18:44, for Magha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 86.1° + 113.3° = 199.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 07:20, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila runs until 11:55, when the lead reaches 30°; Garaja until 23:54.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:20 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 8 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 2021, 23:30 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 87.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2078; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1943.