Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Wed 17 Mar 2021

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 36°–48° is the 4th, Shukla Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:14 here. Tritiya ended at 12:29 Tue, before it. Chaturthi ends at 14:59, when the lead reaches 48°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 13 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 16 Mar ran from sunset 18:21 Tue to sunrise 06:14, 11 h 53 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:14 to 18:21, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:21 to 06:13 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 16°40′. It leaves at 02:04 Thu, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 332.9° + 16.9° = 349.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 01:26 Thu, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 01:42, when the lead reached 42°; Vishti runs until 14:59.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:14 to 06:13 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 14 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 11 Apr, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, began Phalguna. This Shukla paksha reads Phalguna in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2020, 06:28 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 352.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2077; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1942.