Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Tue 18 Jul 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 288°–300° is the 25th, Krishna Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Navami ended at 01:30, before it. Dashami ends at 22:55, when the lead reaches 300°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:34, came before Navami ended at 10:00: this day reads Navami.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:20, came after Navami ended at 01:30: this day reads Dashami.

The night of Mon 17 Jul ran from sunset 18:10 Mon to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:11, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:11 to 06:20 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 20°. It leaves at 13:14, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 91.8° + 22.5° = 114.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 15:08, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 12:16, when the lead reaches 294°; Vishti until 22:55.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:20 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 27 Mar 2017, 23:57 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 108.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.