Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Wed 26 Apr 2017

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 12:38 on Tue 25 Apr to 09:16 on Wed 26 Apr, so it holds sunrise only on Wed 26 Apr, at 06:09. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:09 here. Chaturdashi ended at 12:38 Tue, before it. Amavasya ends at 09:16, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 11 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Pratipada began at 09:16 and ended at 05:39 Thu, between the sunrises of 06:09 and 06:09 Thu. Wednesday reads Amavasya and Thursday reads Dwitiya: Pratipada is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Tue 25 Apr ran from sunset 18:05 Tue to sunrise 06:09, 12 h 4 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:09 to 18:05, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:05 to 06:09 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 10°. It leaves at 10:49, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 12.2° + 10.4° = 22.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 12:11, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 22:59 Tue, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 09:16.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:09 to 06:09 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 26 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 27 Mar 2017, 23:57 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 28.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.