Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sun 29 May 2016

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:12 here. Saptami ended at 21:48 Sat, before it. Ashtami ends at 20:27, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 21 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:24, came before Saptami ended at 06:18: this day reads Saptami. Ashtami ends at 04:57 Mon, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Ashtami: it is kshaya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:12, came after Saptami ended at 21:48 Sat: this day reads Ashtami.

The night of Sat 28 May ran from sunset 18:01 Sat to sunrise 06:12, 12 h 11 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:12 to 18:01, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:01 to 06:12 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 310°. It leaves at 18:52, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 44.3° + 312.8° = 357.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 10:57, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 09:11, when the lead reaches 270°; Kaulava until 20:27.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:12 to 06:12 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 14 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Jun, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Jun, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 2016, 08:23 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 50.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2073; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1938.