Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sat 8 Feb 2014

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 96°–108° is the 9th, Shukla Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:14 here. Ashtami ended at 04:56 Fri, before it. Navami ends at 06:34, when the lead reaches 108°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 30 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Navami began at 04:56 Fri, before sunrise at 06:14 Fri, and ends at 06:34, after the next sunrise at 06:14. Both days read Navami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 7 Feb ran from sunset 18:33 Fri to sunrise 06:14, 11 h 41 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:14 to 18:33, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:33 to 06:14 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Rohini spans 40°00′–53°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 40°. It leaves at 02:10 Sun, for Mrigashira.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 295.5° + 43.3° = 338.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 20:41, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 17:40 Fri, when the lead reached 102°; Kaulava runs until 06:34.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:14 to 06:14 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 30 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, began Magha. This Shukla paksha reads Magha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 06:35 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 298.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.