Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Tue 17 Dec 2013

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 168°–180° is the 15th, Shukla Purnima. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:52 here. Chaturdashi ended at 04:20 Mon, before it. Purnima ends at 06:28, when the lead reaches 180°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 2 Dec, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Purnima began at 04:20 Mon, before sunrise at 05:52 Mon, and ends at 06:28, after the next sunrise at 05:52. Both days read Purnima: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Mon 16 Dec ran from sunset 18:18 Mon to sunrise 05:52, 11 h 34 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:52 to 18:19, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:19 to 05:53 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 60°. It leaves at 16:43, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 241.5° + 61.3° = 302.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 13:03, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Purnima is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 17:22 Mon, when the lead reached 174°; Bava runs until 06:28.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:52 to 05:53 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 1 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 2 Dec, with the Sun in Vrishchika, began Margashirsha. This Shukla paksha reads Margashirsha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 06:35 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 244.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.