Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sat 14 Sep 2013

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 108°–120° is the 10th, Shukla Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:03 here. Navami ended at 22:46 Fri, before it. Dashami ends at 20:16, when the lead reaches 120°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:05, came before Navami ended at 07:16: this day reads Navami. Dashami ends at 04:46 Sun, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Dashami: it is kshaya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:03, came after Navami ended at 22:46 Fri: this day reads Dashami.

The night of Fri 13 Sep ran from sunset 18:07 Fri to sunrise 06:03, 11 h 56 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:03 to 18:07, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:07 to 06:02 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 256°40′. It leaves at 17:39, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 147.7° + 259.7° = 407.4°, one full turn and 47.4°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 15:21, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila runs until 09:32, when the lead reaches 114°; Garaja until 20:16.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:03 to 06:02 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 16 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada. This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 06:35 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 151.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.