Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Thu 20 Jun 2013

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 19:20 on Thu 20 Jun to 16:03 on Fri 21 Jun, so it touches only Thursday’s pradosha (18:05–20:31). No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:17 here. Ekadashi ended at 22:06 Wed, before it. Dwadashi ends at 19:20, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 8 Jun, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:23, came before Ekadashi ended at 06:36: this day reads Ekadashi. Dwadashi ends at 03:50 Fri, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Dwadashi: it is kshaya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:17, came after Ekadashi ended at 22:06 Wed: this day reads Dwadashi.

The night of Wed 19 Jun ran from sunset 18:05 Wed to sunrise 06:17, 12 h 12 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:17 to 18:05, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:05 to 06:17 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Vishakha spans 200°00′–213°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 200°. It leaves at 01:16 Fri, for Anuradha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 65.2° + 201.8° = 267°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 02:24 Fri, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 08:47, when the lead reaches 138°; Balava until 19:20.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:17 to 06:17 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishabha gives Jyeshtha. The Sun enters Mithuna on 14 Jun, inside the month. The next new moon, 8 Jul, finds it in Mithuna and begins Ashadha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Jun, with the Sun in Vrishabha, began Jyeshtha. This Shukla paksha reads Jyeshtha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 06:35 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 68.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.