Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sat 25 Aug 2012

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 96°–108° is the 9th, Shukla Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:12 here. Ashtami ended at 21:50 Fri, before it. Navami ends at 19:48, when the lead reaches 108°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:55, came before Ashtami ended at 06:20: this day reads Ashtami. Navami ends at 04:18 Sun, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Navami: it is kshaya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:12, came after Ashtami ended at 21:50 Fri: this day reads Navami.

The night of Fri 24 Aug ran from sunset 18:10 Fri to sunrise 06:12, 12 h 2 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:12 to 18:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:10 to 06:11 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Jyeshtha spans 226°40′–240°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 226°40′. It leaves at 00:46 Sun, for Mula.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 128.5° + 229.1° = 357.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 09:57, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 08:49, when the lead reaches 102°; Kaulava until 19:48.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:12 to 06:11 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Aug 12:54 Fri to 15 Sep 23:10 Sat the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 16 Sep 09:24 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 11:37 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 150.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.