Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Fri 1 Jul 2011

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:19 here. Amavasya ended at 05:53, before it. Pratipada ends at 04:53 Sat, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 1 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:26, came before Amavasya ended at 14:23: this day reads Amavasya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:19, came after Amavasya ended at 05:53: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Thu 30 Jun ran from sunset 18:07 Thu to sunrise 06:19, 12 h 12 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:19 to 18:07, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:07 to 06:19 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 73°20′. It leaves at 14:31, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 75.2° + 75.4° = 150.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 146°40′–160°00′ is the 12th, Dhruva. It ends at 21:57, then Vyaghata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna runs until 17:27, when the lead reaches 6°; Bava until 04:53 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:19 to 06:19 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 30 Jul, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 1 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 3 Apr 2011, 11:32 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 85.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2068; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1933.