Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sun 13 Feb 2000

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:15 here. Saptami ended at 10:12 Sat, before it. Ashtami ends at 08:24, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Feb, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Navami began at 08:24 and ended at 06:16 Mon, between the sunrises of 07:15 and 07:15 Mon. Sunday reads Ashtami and Monday reads Dashami: Navami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sat 12 Feb ran from sunset 19:32 Sat to sunrise 07:15, 11 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:15 to 19:32, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:32 to 07:15 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Krittika spans 26°40′–40°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 33°20′. It leaves at 14:56, for Rohini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 300.1° + 35.5° = 335.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 00:45 Mon, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 21:21 Sat, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 08:24.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:15 to 07:15 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Mar, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Feb, with the Sun in Makara, began Magha. This Shukla paksha reads Magha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1999, 15:47 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 327.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2056; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1921.