Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sat 18 Sep 1999

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 84°–96° is the 8th, Shukla Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:01 here. Saptami ended at 03:51 Fri, before it. Ashtami ends at 06:17, when the lead reaches 96°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 9 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 03:51 Fri, before sunrise at 06:01 Fri, and ends at 06:17, after the next sunrise at 06:01. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Fri 17 Sep ran from sunset 18:06 Fri to sunrise 06:01, 11 h 55 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:01 to 18:06, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:06 to 06:00 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 246°40′. It leaves at 18:39, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 151.2° + 247° = 398.2°, one full turn and 38.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 09:21, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 17:05 Fri, when the lead reached 90°; Bava runs until 06:17.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:01 to 06:00 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 17 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 9 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 9 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada. This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1999, 15:47 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 178.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2056; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1921.