Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Wed 17 Jul 1929

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise. It holds both sunrises, 06:20 on Tue 16 Jul and 06:20 on Wed 17 Jul. Ekadashi (04:29 Tue 16 Jul to 06:43 Wed 17 Jul) and Dwadashi (06:43 Wed 17 Jul to 09:10 Thu 18 Jul) are both longer than their day; when both grow, Smartas take the later day: Wed 17 Jul. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: over two sunrises, they too fast on the second.

Devshayani Ekadashi: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 120°–132° is the 11th, Shukla Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Dashami ended at 04:29 Tue, before it. Ekadashi ends at 06:43, when the lead reaches 132°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 6 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ekadashi began at 04:29 Tue, before sunrise at 06:20 Tue, and ends at 06:43, after the next sunrise at 06:20. Both days read Ekadashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Tue 16 Jul ran from sunset 18:10 Tue to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 10 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:10 to 06:20 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 220°. It leaves at 13:15, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 91.4° + 223.2° = 314.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 306°40′–320°00′ is the 24th, Shukla. It ends at 16:19, then Brahma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 17:33 Tue, when the lead reached 126°; Vishti runs until 06:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:20 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 15 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 5 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 9 Apr 1929, 17:32 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 94.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1986; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1851.