Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Thu 23 Dec 1926

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:55 here. Chaturthi ended at 05:45, before it. Panchami ends at 07:47 Fri, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 19 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 05:45, before sunrise at 05:55, and ends at 07:47 Fri, after the next sunrise at 05:55 Fri. Both days read Panchami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:10, came before Chaturthi ended at 14:15: this day reads Chaturthi.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 05:55, came after Chaturthi ended at 05:45: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Wed 22 Dec ran from sunset 18:21 Wed to sunrise 05:55, 11 h 34 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:55 to 18:21, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:21 to 05:55 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashlesha spans 106°40′–120°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 113°20′. It leaves at 13:46, for Magha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 247.9° + 116° = 363.9°, one full turn and 3.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 23:02, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 18:43, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 07:47 Fri.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:55 to 05:55 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 12 Apr 1926, 09:56 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 248.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1983; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1848.