Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Sun 12 Jun 1921

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 72°–84° is the 7th, Shukla Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:14 here. Shashthi ended at 09:01 Sat, before it. Saptami ends at 06:52, when the lead reaches 84°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 6 Jun, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 06:52 and ended at 05:13 Mon, between the sunrises of 06:14 and 06:15 Mon. Sunday reads Saptami and Monday reads Navami: Ashtami is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sat 11 Jun ran from sunset 18:03 Sat to sunrise 06:14, 12 h 11 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:14 to 18:03, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:03 to 06:15 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 140°. It leaves at 14:44, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 58.1° + 141.7° = 199.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 06:32, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 19:53 Sat, when the lead reached 78°; Vanija runs until 06:52.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:14 to 06:15 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishabha gives Jyeshtha. The Sun enters Mithuna on 14 Jun, inside the month. The next new moon, 5 Jul, finds it in Mithuna and begins Ashadha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Jun, with the Sun in Vrishabha, began Jyeshtha. This Shukla paksha reads Jyeshtha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 8 Apr 1921, 06:04 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 62.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1978; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1843.