Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Wed 16 Oct 1918

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise: it holds sunrise on Wed 16 Oct only, at 05:48: Wed 16 Oct. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: Dashami ended at 11:15 Tue, before it (04:12–05:48).

Papankusha Ekadashi: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 120°–132° is the 11th, Shukla Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:48 here. Dashami ended at 11:15 Tue, before it. Ekadashi ends at 08:49, when the lead reaches 132°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwadashi began at 08:49 and ended at 05:46 Thu, between the sunrises of 05:48 and 05:48 Thu. Wednesday reads Ekadashi and Thursday reads Trayodashi: Dwadashi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Tue 15 Oct ran from sunset 18:02 Tue to sunrise 05:48, 11 h 46 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:48 to 18:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:02 to 05:48 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 306°40′. It leaves at 22:35, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 179.5° + 309.8° = 489.3°, one full turn and 129.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 120°00′–133°20′ is the 10th, Ganda. It ends at 12:10, then Vriddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 22:07 Tue, when the lead reached 126°; Vishti runs until 08:49.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:48 to 05:48 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 16 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 11 Apr 1918, 01:33 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 181.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1975; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1840.