Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Sat 15 Jan 2039

The Sun enters Makara at 01:41, in the night after sunset (17:43 Fri). The Dharmasindhu then puts the punya kala on the next day: Sat 15 Jan.

Makar Sankranti: every date in Codcod

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:09 here. Chaturthi ended at 19:41 Fri, before it. Panchami ends at 18:39, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 10 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 14 Jan ran from sunset 17:43 Fri to sunrise 06:09, 12 h 26 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:09 to 17:43, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:43 to 06:09 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 143°20′. It leaves at 11:31, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 270.2° + 143.6° = 413.8°, one full turn and 53.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 03:11 Sun, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 07:13, when the lead reaches 234°; Taitila until 18:39.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:09 to 06:09 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 15 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 24 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 2038, 00:43 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 279.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2095; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1960.