Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Mon 15 Sep 2031

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 00:32 on Mon 15 Sep to 01:53 on Tue 16 Sep, so only Monday night’s nishitha (23:18–00:06 Tue) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Codcod

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:36 here. Trayodashi ended at 00:32, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 01:53 Tue, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 14 Sep ran from sunset 17:48 Sun to sunrise 05:36, 11 h 48 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:36 to 17:48, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:48 to 05:36 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Magha spans 120°00′–133°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 123°20′. It leaves at 19:57, for Purva Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 147.6° + 126° = 273.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 17:17, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 13:16, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 01:53 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:36 to 05:36 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Aug 12:32 Mon to 17 Sep 02:46 Wed the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 17 Sep 17:19 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) here, and Bhadrapada (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 23 Mar 2031, 11:49 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 169.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2088; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1953.