Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Wed 28 Oct 2020

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi began at 15:24 on Wed 28 Oct, before that evening’s pradosha, and ended at 17:46 on Thu 29 Oct, partway into the next. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening Trayodashi fills: Wed 28 Oct. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Codcod

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:37 here. Ekadashi ended at 13:17 Tue, before it. Dwadashi ends at 15:24, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 27 Oct ran from sunset 17:24 Tue to sunrise 05:37, 12 h 13 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:37 to 17:24, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:24 to 05:37 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 330°. It leaves at 11:41, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 190.8° + 330.3° = 521.1°, one full turn and 161.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 160°00′–173°20′ is the 13th, Vyaghata. It ends at 04:17 Thu, then Harshana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 02:18, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 15:24.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:37 to 05:37 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 15 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2020, 17:28 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 210.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2077; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1942.