Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Sat 18 Mar 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:52 here. Chaturthi ended at 03:41 Fri, before it. Panchami ends at 05:56, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 03:41 Fri, before sunrise at 05:53 Fri, and ends at 05:56, after the next sunrise at 05:52. Both days read Panchami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:27, came after Panchami ended at 03:26: this day reads Shashthi.

Codcod · UTC+8

Sunrise here, 05:52, came before Panchami ended at 05:56: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Fri 17 Mar ran from sunset 17:58 Fri to sunrise 05:52, 11 h 54 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:52 to 17:58, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:58 to 05:52 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 213°20′. It leaves at 08:44 Sun, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 333.4° + 213.4° = 546.8°, one full turn and 186.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 06:32 Sun, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 16:46 Fri, when the lead reached 234°; Taitila runs until 05:56.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:52 to 05:52 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 14 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Mar, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra here, and Phalguna in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 2016, 19:23 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 339.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2073; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1938.