Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Thu 22 Jul 2004

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 48°–60° is the 5th, Shukla Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:34 here. Chaturthi ended at 00:41, before it. Panchami ends at 01:01 Fri, when the lead reaches 60°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Wed 21 Jul ran from sunset 18:13 Wed to sunrise 05:34, 11 h 21 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:34 to 18:12, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:12 to 05:34 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 143°20′. It leaves at 07:00, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 95.5° + 145.9° = 241.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 240°00′–253°20′ is the 19th, Parigha. It ends at 02:20 Fri, then Shiva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 12:55, when the lead reaches 54°; Balava until 01:01 Fri.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:34 to 05:34 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 19:23 Sat to 16 Aug 09:23 Mon the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 19:18 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2004, 06:41 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 118.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2061; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1926.