Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Fri 12 Jul 1996

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi began at 17:58 on Fri 12 Jul, before that evening’s pradosha, and ended at 19:50 on Sat 13 Jul, partway into the next. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening Trayodashi fills: Fri 12 Jul. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Codcod

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:31 here. Ekadashi ended at 16:25 Thu, before it. Dwadashi ends at 17:58, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 11 Jul ran from sunset 18:13 Thu to sunrise 05:31, 11 h 18 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:31 to 18:13, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:13 to 05:32 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Rohini spans 40°00′–53°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 43°20′. It leaves at 23:32, for Mrigashira.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 86° + 44.2° = 130.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 120°00′–133°20′ is the 10th, Ganda. It ends at 11:12, then Vriddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 05:08, when the lead reached 318°; Taitila runs until 17:58.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:31 to 05:32 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jun 09:35 Sun to 16 Jul 00:14 Tue the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 16 Jul 09:40 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 1996, 18:44 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 110.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2053; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1918.