Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Fri 23 Nov 1990

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 48°–60° is the 5th, Shukla Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:45 here. Chaturthi ended at 03:28 Thu, before it. Panchami ends at 05:47, when the lead reaches 60°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Nov, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 03:28 Thu, before sunrise at 05:45 Thu, and ends at 05:47, after the next sunrise at 05:45. Both days read Panchami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:49, came after Panchami ended at 03:17: this day reads Shashthi.

Codcod · UTC+8

Sunrise here, 05:45, came before Panchami ended at 05:47: this day reads Panchami.

The night of Thu 22 Nov ran from sunset 17:21 Thu to sunrise 05:45, 12 h 24 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:45 to 17:21, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:21 to 05:45 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Ashadha spans 266°40′–280°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 273°20′. It leaves at 12:32, for Shravana.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 216.6° + 276.6° = 493.2°, one full turn and 133.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 120°00′–133°20′ is the 10th, Ganda. It ends at 06:01, then Vriddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 16:40 Thu, when the lead reached 54°; Balava runs until 05:47.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:45 to 05:45 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Dec, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, began Margashirsha. This Shukla paksha reads Margashirsha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 27 Mar 1990, 03:48 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 234.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2047; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1912.