Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Thu 29 Oct 1981

The tilak is applied in aparahna, the fourth fifth of the day. Dwitiya runs from 06:24 on Thu 29 Oct to 08:50 on Fri 30 Oct, so only Thursday’s aparahna (12:41–15:02) falls within it. No text giving Bhai Dooj’s time was found; aparahna is Tithika’s convention.

Bhai Dooj: every date in Codcod

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:37 here. Amavasya ended at 04:13 Wed, before it. Pratipada ends at 06:24, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 28 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Pratipada began at 04:13 Wed, before sunrise at 05:37 Wed, and ends at 06:24, after the next sunrise at 05:37. Both days read Pratipada: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 06:30, came after Pratipada ended at 03:54: this day reads Dwitiya.

Codcod · UTC+8

Sunrise here, 05:37, came before Pratipada ended at 06:24: this day reads Pratipada.

The night of Wed 28 Oct ran from sunset 17:24 Wed to sunrise 05:37, 12 h 13 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:37 to 17:24, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:24 to 05:37 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Vishakha spans 200°00′–213°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 203°20′. It leaves at 01:35 Fri, for Anuradha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 191.8° + 203.4° = 395.2°, one full turn and 35.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 14:31, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna ended at 17:16 Wed, when the lead reached 6°; Bava runs until 06:24.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:37 to 05:37 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Oct, with the Sun in Tula, began Kartika. This Shukla paksha reads Kartika in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 1981, 04:19 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 200.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2038; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1903.