Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Fri 24 Aug 1979

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:37 here. Pratipada ended at 03:47, before it. Dwitiya ends at 06:23 Sat, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 23 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 03:47, before sunrise at 05:37, and ends at 06:23 Sat, after the next sunrise at 05:37 Sat. Both days read Dwitiya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Thu 23 Aug ran from sunset 18:02 Thu to sunrise 05:37, 11 h 35 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:37 to 18:01, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:01 to 05:37 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 136°40′. It leaves at 20:24, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 126.6° + 139.4° = 266°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 253°20′–266°40′ is the 20th, Shiva. It ends at 06:54, then Siddha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 17:06, when the lead reaches 18°; Kaulava until 06:23 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:37 to 05:37 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 17 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 21 Sep, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada. This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 1979, 10:59 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 143.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2036; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1901.