Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Mon 13 Aug 1928

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 03:22 on Mon 13 Aug to 01:15 on Tue 14 Aug, so only Monday’s pradosha (18:06–20:24) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Codcod

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 01:15 on Tue 14 Aug to 23:21 on Tue 14 Aug, between the two nights’ nishitha, touching neither. The Nirnayasindhu then takes the earlier day: Mon 13 Aug. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Codcod

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:37 here. Dwadashi ended at 03:22, before it. Trayodashi ends at 01:15 Tue, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 12 Aug ran from sunset 18:07 Sun to sunrise 05:37, 11 h 30 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:37 to 18:06, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:06 to 05:37 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 80°. It leaves at 00:26 Tue, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 117° + 82.3° = 199.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 06:44, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 14:17, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 01:15 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:37 to 05:37 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 12:35 Tue to 15 Aug 21:48 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 07:49 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 1928, 04:29 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 138.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1985; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1850.