Panchang in Chahārbāgh, Alborz Province, Iran Mon 8 Sep 2031

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 252°–264° is the 22nd, Krishna Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:43 here. Shashthi ended at 05:22 Sun, before it. Saptami ends at 06:47, when the lead reaches 264°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Saptami began at 05:22 Sun, before sunrise at 05:42 Sun, and ends at 06:47, after the next sunrise at 05:43. Both days read Saptami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Sun 7 Sep ran from sunset 18:26 Sun to sunrise 05:43, 11 h 17 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:43 to 18:24, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:24 to 05:44 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Rohini spans 40°00′–53°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 43°20′. It leaves at 23:21, for Mrigashira.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 141° + 44.5° = 185.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 173°20′–186°40′ is the 14th, Harshana. It ends at 08:01, then Vajra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 18:00 Sun, when the lead reached 258°; Bava runs until 06:47.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:43 to 05:44 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Aug 08:02 Mon to 16 Sep 22:16 Tue the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 17 Sep 12:49 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, begins Bhadrapada (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) here, and Bhadrapada (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 23 Mar 2031, 07:19 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 163° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2088; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1953.