Panchang in Businga, Nord-Ubangi, Democratic Republic of the Congo Sat 1 Feb 2025

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 24°–36° is the 3rd, Shukla Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:50 here. Dwitiya ended at 09:29 Fri, before it. Tritiya ends at 07:08, when the lead reaches 36°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 29 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturthi began at 07:08 and ended at 04:44 Sun, between the sunrises of 05:50 and 05:50 Sun. Saturday reads Tritiya and Sunday reads Panchami: Chaturthi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Fri 31 Jan ran from sunset 17:49 Fri to sunrise 05:50, 12 h 1 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:50 to 17:49, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:49 to 05:50 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 323°20′. It leaves at 22:03, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 288.4° + 323.6° = 612°, one full turn and 252°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 240°00′–253°20′ is the 19th, Parigha. It ends at 07:54, then Shiva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 20:19 Fri, when the lead reached 30°; Garaja runs until 07:08.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:50 to 05:50 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 12 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 29 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, began Magha. This Shukla paksha reads Magha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 8 Apr 2024, 19:20 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 293.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2081; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1946.