Panchang in Baoding, Hebei, China Tue 20 May 2025

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 252°–264° is the 22nd, Krishna Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:01 here. Shashthi ended at 08:42 Mon, before it. Saptami ends at 08:22, when the lead reaches 264°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 13 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 19 May ran from sunset 19:27 Mon to sunrise 05:01, 9 h 34 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 38 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:01 to 19:27, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 48 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:27 to 05:00 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 11 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 296°40′. It leaves at 22:02, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 34.9° + 297.2° = 332.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 07:05, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Vishti and the second Bava. Vishti ended at 20:36 Mon, when the lead reached 258°; Bava runs until 08:22.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:01 to 05:00 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 15 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 27 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 27 May, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 2025, 18:57 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 50.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2082; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1947.