Panchang in Baoding, Hebei, China Sun 24 Sep 2023

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 96°–108° is the 9th, Shukla Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:06 here. Ashtami ended at 14:48 Sat, before it. Navami ends at 12:53, when the lead reaches 108°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 15 Sep, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 23 Sep ran from sunset 18:14 Sat to sunrise 06:06, 11 h 52 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:06 to 18:12, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:12 to 06:07 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 16:11, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 156.4° + 260.7° = 417.1°, one full turn and 57.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 21:09, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 01:55, when the lead reached 102°; Kaulava runs until 12:53.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:06 to 06:07 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 17 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 15 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Sep, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada. This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2023, 01:23 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 179.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.