Panchang in Baoding, Hebei, China Wed 14 Aug 1985

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 21:08 on Tue 13 Aug to 20:45 on Wed 14 Aug, touching pradosha on both evenings. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening it holds more of: Wed 14 Aug. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Baoding

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 20:45 on Wed 14 Aug to 19:42 on Thu 15 Aug, so only Wednesday night’s nishitha (00:02 Thu–00:43 Thu) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Baoding

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:30 here. Dwadashi ended at 21:08 Tue, before it. Trayodashi ends at 20:45, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 13 Aug ran from sunset 19:15 Tue to sunrise 05:30, 10 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 41 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:30 to 19:14, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 43 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:14 to 05:31 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 17 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 83°20′. It leaves at 19:32, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 117.4° + 85.6° = 203°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 22:57, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 09:02, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 20:45.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:30 to 05:31 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Jul 07:56 Thu to 16 Aug 18:05 Fri the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 22:23 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 1985, 19:58 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 140.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2042; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1907.